含导流片及钝体的驻涡燃烧室的结构优化

为了研究含导流片及钝体的驻涡燃烧室的最优结构,通过改变不同的导流片及钝体的尺寸和位置,对燃烧室的燃烧湍流流场进行了数值模拟。结果表明:钝体长度以及导流片与进口壁面的距离对燃烧室性能影响较大,其值越大,燃烧效率越高,最高可达到99.99%。在研究范围内,存在相对较优的钝体以及导流片结构,在该结构下,燃烧室的总压损失为6.66%,燃烧效率为99.79%。凹腔内形成稳定的双涡结构,钝体后方形成较好的回流区。     

国外海军教练机体系发展及启示

主要围绕海军飞行员培养的关键——教练机体系及教练装备进行研究,分析国外教练机发展历史、现状及发展趋势,总结了海军教练机体系构建和教练机发展的几点启示。     

APU舱引射排液出口速度的估算方法

APU舱引射排液是一种复杂的气液两相流混合过程。通过假设,获得了一种APU舱引射排液装置出口液体排放速度的一维估算方法,并根据该方法计算了地面和空中典型姿态下APU舱排液管出口的液体排放速度,这些计算结果可作为全机级APU舱排液路径数值模拟的输入条件。计算结果表明,引射排液可以有效增加排液管出口液体排放速度,而且APU舱排液管出口液体排放速度与飞行高度成反比。     

集中监控系统在遥测传输卫星地面站中的应用

针对遥测传输卫星地面站中所使用的集中监控系统进行阐述,利用工业控制计算机为核心的集中监控技术,对遥测传输卫星地面站设备的运行情况进行远端集中控制与管理,提高管理与控制自动化程度。     

SA一方程湍流模型参数影响分析与辨识

SA(Spalart-Allmaras)一方程湍流模型是目前工程湍流计算中主要采用的湍流模型之一。首先,针对某典型战斗机的小攻角、中等攻角、大攻角流动工况,利用均匀试验设计方法分析SA一方程模型中8个参数取值对上述工况下飞机升力和阻力系数计算结果的影响规律;然后,建立工程湍流模型参数的辨识方法,并将其用于该战斗机大攻角工况下湍流模型参数cb1值的辨识调整。结果表明:不同工况下,湍流模型参数对计算结果的影响规律不同;在附着流状态下,对升力和阻力影响较大的参数是cv1和cb1;在中等攻角和较大攻角下,对升力和阻力影响较大的参数是cb1;适当减小参数cb1的取值后,升力和阻力系数的计算结果有较明显的改善,这可能与飞机大攻角分离流场中涡粘系数和剪切应力的发展与自由剪切流存在一定差异有关。     

液化天然气(LNG)作为飞机燃料的可行性及经济性分析

航空活动产生的二氧化碳等温室气体每年都在增长,欧洲甚至要求对飞往欧洲的民用航班征收碳排放税,而且欧美的航空排放适航标准对航空的气体排放要求也越来越高。为适应全球化的竞争,从二氧化碳排放要求角度,综合国外对新型航空燃料的探讨,介绍并探讨液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,简称LNG)作为航空燃料的经济可行性和可能存在的问题,为国内航空燃料的发展引入一个新的思路。     

混合网格方法研究栅格翼亚跨超声速气动特性

采用基于结构/非结构混合网格的CFD方法对栅格翼的亚跨声速气动特性进行了研究,计算方法经过试验数据的验证,可达到工程精度。对单独栅格翼的研究表明,跨声速壅塞时,流动通过栅格前方亚声速气流减速从栅格外侧溢流而实现流量调节;超声速壅塞时,流动通过在栅格翼上产生网状脱体激波使来流减速至亚声速来进行流量调节,且计算结果与理论估算上下临界马赫数范围一致。对某栅格翼气动布局导弹的计算结果表明,在跨声速壅塞区间内,壅塞有自我调节作用,通过溢流使栅格通道内维持相似流动,从而使栅格气动性能保持基本平稳;同时由于溢流使流量下降,栅格翼升力效率下降,导弹静稳定性减弱。     

超临界喷射受环境和喷射参数影响的数值研究

基于PR(Peng-Robinson)状态方程,采用二维轴对称的两相流控制方程和相关文献中的混合规则,建立了超临界燃油喷射的数值模型并采用预处理方法进行求解.以正癸烷为替代燃料研究了超临界燃油喷射到静止超临界氮气环境中时射流长度和射流扩张角的变化规律.结果表明:超临界射流长度和射流扩张角随环境压力的升高而减小,随环境温度和喷射温度的升高而增加,且超临界射流长度受环境和喷射参数影响的敏感性稍高于射流扩张角.分析认为影响超临界喷射的两个主要因素是喷射密度比和喷射动量,且后者占主导地位.     

Tangent-impulse transfer from elliptic orbit to an excess velocity vector

The two-body orbital transfer problem from an elliptic parking orbit to an excess veloc-ity vector with the tangent impulse is studied. The direction of the impulse is constrained to be aligned with the velocity vector, then speed changes are enough to nullify the relative velocity. First, if one tangent impulse is used, the transfer orbit is obtained by solving a single-variable function about the true anomaly of the initial orbit. For the initial circular orbit, the closed-form solution is derived. For the initial elliptic orbit, the discontinuous point is solved, then the initial true anomaly is obtained by a numerical iterative approach; moreover, an alternative method is proposed to avoid the singularity. There is only one solution for one-tangent-impulse escape trajectory. Then, based on the one-tangent-impulse solution, the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is obtained by a numerical optimization algorithm, e.g., the genetic method. Finally, several examples are provided to validate the proposed method. The numerical results show that the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is the same as the one-tangent-impulse trajectory.     

A vision-based navigation approach with multiple radial shape marks for indoor aircraft locating

Since GPS signals are unavailable for indoor navigation, current research mainly focuses on vision-based locating with a single mark. An obvious disadvantage with this approach is that locating will fail when the mark cannot be seen. The use of multiple marks can solve this problem. However, the extra process to design and identify different marks will significantly increase system complexity. In this paper, a novel vision-based locating method is proposed by using marks with feature points arranged in a radial shape. The feature points of the marks consist of inner points and outer points. The positions of the inner points are the same in all marks, while the positions of the outer points are different in different marks. Unlike traditional camera locating methods （the PnP methods）, the proposed method can calculate the camera location and the positions of the outer points simultaneously. Then the calculation results of the positions of the outer points are used to identify the mark. This method can make navigation with multiple marks more efficient. Simulations and real world experiments are carried out, and their results show that the proposed method is fast, accurate and robust to noise.